Introduction
On July 5, 2024, Iranians went to the ballot box to elect a new president following the death of President Ebrahim Raisi in a helicopter crash on May 19. With one exception, recent presidential elections in Iran have been full of surprises, and the 2024 elections did not disappoint. The one exception occurred in 2021, when the country’s hybrid authoritarian system reverted to its authoritarian impulse and ensured the election of Ebrahim Raisi, at the time the head of the judiciary and the establishment’s candidate. Following Raisi’s death, only three years into his tenure in office, Iranians originally went to the polls on June 28, 2024, to take part in the fourteenth presidential election of the Islamic Republic since the success of the 1978-1979 revolution. With none of the four candidates securing the necessary 50 percent of the votes, the elections went to a second round held a week later. In a contest that went to the wire and remained unpredictable to the very end, Masoud Pezeshkian emerged victorious with 53 percent of the votes.
This brief essay examines the candidates running for the Islamic Republic’s second highest office, the issues they raised in their respective campaigns, and their efforts to attract voters. The essay starts with a summary of the significance of Raisi’s death for the Islamic Republic and the system’s efforts at crisis management, followed by a brief history of presidential elections in the Islamic Republic’s forty-five-year history. The essay ends with a discussion of the 2024 elections and offers a few thoughts on what might be expected from President Pezeshkian’s new administration.